Symptoms, Causes, and Diagnosis of Colon Cancer
More information about colon cancer
Colon cancer is cancer of the large intestine (commonly known as colon), the lower part of your digestive
system. Rectal cancer is cancer of the last 8 to 10 inches of the colon. Together, they are often referred to as
colorectal cancers, and together they make up the second-leading cause of death from cancer in the United States.
The number one cause of cancer is lung cancer. Although most cases of colon cancer begin as small, noncancerous
(benign) clumps of cells called adenomatous polyps, over time some of these polyps become cancerous.
Since polyps might produce few, if any, symptoms, it's important to get regular screening tests to help prevent
colon cancer. Signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer include a change in bowel habits, blood in your stool,
persistent cramping, gas or abdominal pain.
There's good news about colon cancer despite the relatively high number of cases and deaths. A few simple changes
in your diet and lifestyle and regular screening tests can reduce your overall risk of developing colon cancer
dramatically.
Signs and symptoms of Colorectal Cancer
You may have no symptoms in the early stages of colorectal cancer. Many people in the early stages of the disease
experience no symptoms. Symptoms, when they appear, vary depending on the cancer's size and location in your large
intestine. These symptoms might be similar to that of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome
(IBS), and sometimes diverticulosis or diverticulitis, so make sure to rule out these less serious conditions by
going to the doctor. Both colorectal cancer and the conditions listed here are treatable.
If you notice change in your bowel habits, including diarrhea or constipation or a change in the consistency of
your stool for more than a couple of weeks, you might need to see a doctor to rule out colorectal cancer. Narrow
stools, rectal bleeding or blood in your stool, persistent abdominal discomfort, such as cramps, gas or pain,
abdominal pain with a bowel movement, a feeling that your bowel doesn't empty completely or unexplained weight
loss, taken individually or together, might indicate colorectal cancer as well. If you experience two or more of
these symptoms on a persistent basis, consult your doctor to rule out colon cancer.
Blood in your stool certainly deserves medical attention; however, it does not always indicate colon cancer. It can
also indicate other conditions. For example, bright red blood you notice on bathroom tissue may come from
hemorrhoids or minor tears (fissures) in your anus. Remember: certain foods such as candy and beets can turn your
stool red. Also, iron supplements and some anti-diarrhea medications such as Immodium may make stools black.
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